This 11 year old railroad located in the mountainous "Western Ghats" of India runs according to schedule, even through the monsoons - rainfall as high as 4,000 mm - due very much to its use of vetiver grass to protect the railroad cut and fills.
Here is an extract from the latest Press release on Jan 22 2009
"Konkan Railway will be completing 11 years of the commencement of its through line train operations on 26th Jan, 2009. It was on this day in 1998 that the trains directly connected Mumbai with Mangalore in shortest possible time, reducing the travel between these places from 36 to 16 hours. In the 11 years, it is the first time that Konkan Railway has not reported any consequential accident on its route in 2008. Konkan Railway has achieved this feat by taking extra efforts to increase safety on its route by executing massive earthworks, widening the slopes, planting lakhs of Vetiver grass as soil erosion control measure, and various other geo-tech works to arrest boulder falls and soil slippage during the monsoon. The efforts have borne fruit. There has not been any major traffic disruption on the route in the past 3 years since the time these massive safety works were executed and a special Monsoon Time Table implemented on the route."
A lakh is the Indian equivalent number of 100,000. The railroad has planted at least 10 million vetiver slips.
Practically every press release from the Railroad highlights the vetiver success story.
This example is just another good reason to use vetiver for slope stabilization, particularly in high rainfall areas where landslides and slippage occurs. Earlier railroad vetiver based stabilization on the FEC railroad in Madagascar achieved the same results - reduced maintenance and no railroad closure.
We would advise the Indian Government to see that the Vetiver System is used widely on its Federally funded railroad and highway projects, it would save the tax payer millions!
Dick Grimshaw
Network News and Opinion
Friday, January 23, 2009
Tuesday, January 20, 2009
Vetiver for Golf Course landscaping
I found this interesting site: http://www.domainedebelombre.mu/en/golf_du_chateau_gallery.aspx from the Golf Du Chateau course in Mauritius. The course has been partially landscaped and protected using vetiver grass. The lakes on the course look particularly clean - I suspect that the vetiver planted on the upstream drainage areas have removed most of the agricultural chemicals used on the course.
Tough to lose a golf ball in vetiver!!
Vetiver could be used for the same purposes for lanscaping public parks, particularly those where run off negatively impacts water bodies
Dick Grimshaw
Tough to lose a golf ball in vetiver!!
Vetiver could be used for the same purposes for lanscaping public parks, particularly those where run off negatively impacts water bodies
Dick Grimshaw
Sunday, January 18, 2009
Vetiver is Ideal for Use in Key Line Systems
See this note from Richard Webb's article in Australia's Permaculture Research Institute
Vetiver grows with the land, and so appeals to those who actually use the land, the farmers and foresters who are more concerned with increased production from crops and trees than stopping erosion itself. Vetiver is ideal for use in Keyline systems.
Dick Grimshaw
Vetiver grows with the land, and so appeals to those who actually use the land, the farmers and foresters who are more concerned with increased production from crops and trees than stopping erosion itself. Vetiver is ideal for use in Keyline systems.
Dick Grimshaw
Water Conservation and crop production in the Sudan - a note on LINEAR FARMING from John Greenfield
The image on the top left shows the site location, and that on the bottom left shows a close up of the absorption bank (its leading edge -red line)
Hi Dick,
I was trawling through “Google Earth” trying to see some of the places I worked in over the last 50 years. One place I was interested to see was the Sudan where we were running the ‘Savannah Development Project’ centred in El Obeid and covering over 46K square miles. To cover the area we had our own plane, a Britten Norman Islander, to enable the plane to work in such a vast area, we had to make our own airstrips. When I lived there in the late 60’s, Sudan with a land area of one million square miles, the largest country in Africa, had only 814 miles of roads, including all the roads in Khartoum. So in order to get our D6 Caterpillar bulldozer to the areas where we needed the air strips constructed, it had to ‘walk’ the distance as there were no roads and no trucks to carry it, and if there had been, they would not have been able to cross the Wadis, on the way South.
Using the D6 was quite interesting. We equipped it with its own trailed tank of diesel and water and a trailer for the Driver’s needs, in all he covered over 1,000miles of desert, building us air strips. I would set him off and a month later would meet him in the nearest town to the ‘airstrip’. Needless to say he made a good living pulling bogged Suq Lorries out of the sand, or muddy wadi crossings, so we had no trouble keeping our driver on the job.
In those days I couldn’t find vetiver grass for the Sudan so concentrated on making contour furrows for planting sorghum. Using this system the furrows filled with runoff and I was able to produce the best sorghum crop the area had ever had. I knew these furrows wouldn’t last, so I took the D6 and using the ‘skills’ I learned with the Soil Conservation Service, I constructed a massive absorption bank across a dry Wadi in order to show the Sudanese, the importance of moisture conservation. I remember when I was building this bank thinking, you will be able to see this from the air.
39 years later, this absorption bank is quite conspicuous from Google Earth, just type in the coordinates 13 05’22.52”N 30 14’09.07”E and you will come right to it. The trees that have grown in the conserved moisture are most likely Acacia spp, previously there was absolutely nothing there, it was just a dry Gulch. But look at the run off the bank is holding. You could establish vetiver hedges with this technology, once established, in this 2 – 300mm rainfall area they would harvest their own water and nutrients to become sustainable and a ‘Linear’ farm could be developed behind them. A farm say four meters wide following the vetiver hedge across the slope for any length. The present farming system in these desert areas makes no sense at all – farms are laid out in squares or rectangles or silly circles, conserving no moisture at all! Just have a good look at this area shown with these coordinates, and you will see, just how hopeless the little farms surrounding the wadi, are.
Think about it for Ethiopia and other dry areas like northern Kenya, Kuwait, Morocco, and other areas with dry wadis??
Regards,
John.
Note: John took a similar approach in dry areas of Andhra Pradesh, India. He built contour V ditches with bull dozers, roppied the hard pans and planted trees behind in the conserved moisture. The results were impressive - tree survival rate increased from <5% to >95% and tree growth was incomparably good compared with "traditional" planting methods. Dick Grimshaw
Sunday, January 11, 2009
WAKE UP, GET PRACTICAL, USE THE VETIVER SYSTEM BEFORE ITS TOO LATE
I have just received an email from Yoann Coppin of Madagascar, part of which I reproduce below. He and some of his fellow Malagasy farmers are convinced that the Vetiver System could solve many of their problems that relate to soil fertility, declining water resources and other natural resource issues, particularly those relating to the loss of tropical forest, coral reef destruction etc.
In the Vetiver System we have a proven technology. Why will not the big aid agencies wake up to this fact and start using the technology on a wide scale? The aid agencies have dumped billions of dollars into agriculture and natural resource management and have precious little to show for it. Climate change is a fact of life and we have to meet its challenges on a large scale. In the area of natural resource conservation the Vetiver System can be applied on a large scale with positive impact on water and land resources, sustainable agriculture, and reduction of poverty. My message to aid agencies and governments is to take your heads out of the sand, get PRACTICAL, and use this technology before it is too late!
Now from Yoann Coppin
"I received your mails only now, because since the end of December I have been in the village where my first project with Vetiver was undertaken in 2003 on the East Coast, to conserve soil on sloping lands following cut and burning, and to promote a sustainable agriculture, . There is no electricity, no phone network, and no internet, but there is still a part of the rainforest standing, something rare now in Madagascar, with an impressive biodiversity. This village is a wonderful place. But the deforestation, due to a traditional agricultural practice, and precious wood exploitation, destroys more and more of this wealth. The big cyclone Ivan and the particularly dry year in 2008 have impacted the vegetation, the soil and the groundwater. My old friend, literal meaning, who has lived more than 70 years at this village, has never seen the coconut trees in such poor shape: all the leaves have become brown, and there are only a few trees producing coconuts in the last year. At this moment we are supposed to be in the rainy season but the weather is dry and the sun shining hard. The educated people know that apart from climate change, the consequences are also due to how we manage our environment. On the mountains, where there is still some small forests left, farmers cut and burn before cultivation and results in forest and water reduction. Nobody takes care of the soil and maintains fertility, even on sloping lands with a fine cultivable soils. In the rainy season erosion make the soil poor and the rivers full of sediments, that end up on the coral reefs. The mangroves are drained, cut and burned for real estate development. The consequences are more coastal erosion (less and less coral reefs and mangroves), less protections against cyclones, less groundwater, less fertile soil, less forest and marine resources. Even as we observe this environnment decreasing year after year, there are no efficient initiatives taken. The Vetiver System could be the solution, and I would like to start again a project there.
In any case, since 2003 a lot of villagers adopted Vetiver in this area now (there was no Vetiver in this area before my project, but only few farmers adopted that on farm for soil and water conservation measures, because there was not enough budget and time to carry out the project). In contrast, in another area, where I worked for an NGO for almost 2 years and where I also brought the Vetiver, I am pleasantly surprised to see and to hear of a lot of farmers using Vetiver for farm soil and water conservation at their own initiative, because they saw the benefits for crops, especially for ginger and curcuma (tumeric). When I first promoted the Vetiver System there, I had to give farmers plant material and grants to plant it on their land. Now they are using vetiver without incentive grants. This shows that vetiver is an efficient solution, applicable on a large scale by the farmers, and with a big potential to be applied for many activities. I think that’s the time to act, because the environnmental situation at Madagascar is dramatic : the thermometer show there is only 10% of the rainforest left !"
Some of you may have read my earlier blog on the use of VS in Ethiopia where it has done all the things that Yoann and his Malagasy farmers have also achieved, but on a larger scale.
In the Vetiver System we have a proven technology. Why will not the big aid agencies wake up to this fact and start using the technology on a wide scale? The aid agencies have dumped billions of dollars into agriculture and natural resource management and have precious little to show for it. Climate change is a fact of life and we have to meet its challenges on a large scale. In the area of natural resource conservation the Vetiver System can be applied on a large scale with positive impact on water and land resources, sustainable agriculture, and reduction of poverty. My message to aid agencies and governments is to take your heads out of the sand, get PRACTICAL, and use this technology before it is too late!
Now from Yoann Coppin
"I received your mails only now, because since the end of December I have been in the village where my first project with Vetiver was undertaken in 2003 on the East Coast, to conserve soil on sloping lands following cut and burning, and to promote a sustainable agriculture, . There is no electricity, no phone network, and no internet, but there is still a part of the rainforest standing, something rare now in Madagascar, with an impressive biodiversity. This village is a wonderful place. But the deforestation, due to a traditional agricultural practice, and precious wood exploitation, destroys more and more of this wealth. The big cyclone Ivan and the particularly dry year in 2008 have impacted the vegetation, the soil and the groundwater. My old friend, literal meaning, who has lived more than 70 years at this village, has never seen the coconut trees in such poor shape: all the leaves have become brown, and there are only a few trees producing coconuts in the last year. At this moment we are supposed to be in the rainy season but the weather is dry and the sun shining hard. The educated people know that apart from climate change, the consequences are also due to how we manage our environment. On the mountains, where there is still some small forests left, farmers cut and burn before cultivation and results in forest and water reduction. Nobody takes care of the soil and maintains fertility, even on sloping lands with a fine cultivable soils. In the rainy season erosion make the soil poor and the rivers full of sediments, that end up on the coral reefs. The mangroves are drained, cut and burned for real estate development. The consequences are more coastal erosion (less and less coral reefs and mangroves), less protections against cyclones, less groundwater, less fertile soil, less forest and marine resources. Even as we observe this environnment decreasing year after year, there are no efficient initiatives taken. The Vetiver System could be the solution, and I would like to start again a project there.
In any case, since 2003 a lot of villagers adopted Vetiver in this area now (there was no Vetiver in this area before my project, but only few farmers adopted that on farm for soil and water conservation measures, because there was not enough budget and time to carry out the project). In contrast, in another area, where I worked for an NGO for almost 2 years and where I also brought the Vetiver, I am pleasantly surprised to see and to hear of a lot of farmers using Vetiver for farm soil and water conservation at their own initiative, because they saw the benefits for crops, especially for ginger and curcuma (tumeric). When I first promoted the Vetiver System there, I had to give farmers plant material and grants to plant it on their land. Now they are using vetiver without incentive grants. This shows that vetiver is an efficient solution, applicable on a large scale by the farmers, and with a big potential to be applied for many activities. I think that’s the time to act, because the environnmental situation at Madagascar is dramatic : the thermometer show there is only 10% of the rainforest left !"
Some of you may have read my earlier blog on the use of VS in Ethiopia where it has done all the things that Yoann and his Malagasy farmers have also achieved, but on a larger scale.
Saturday, January 10, 2009
Vetiver in the Caribbean - used extensively before 1950 and now forgotten!
The image on the left is of vetiver hedgerows in St Vincent in the 1950s. Red dots are stabilized waterways.
Some of you may know that TVNI is making an effort to see greater use of VS in the Caribbean. It is very easy to forget what technologies were used in the past. Here are two quotes on the use of the Vetiver System for soil conservation on three Caribbean island: the first from Ismael Velez in 1952 and the second from John Geenfield in 1998.
Ismael Velez of the Polytechnic Institute, San German, Puerto Rico (Science Monthly, March 1952) undertook a Caribbean tour in the early 1950s. Here is an abstract...
"The situation on St. Vincent is entirely different, for this island is largely agricultural. The soils are of volcanic origin, and on the whole are porous and well drained. Rainfall is much higher, but frequent drains are obviously unnecessary. The island produces 70 per cent of the world's arrowroot starch and a large proportion of the peanuts raised in the West Indies. These are raised on both large estates and small holdings, but from our observations, everyone seems to be soil conservation-minded. Vetiver, or khuskhus grass (Vetiveria zizanioides), is widely used to hold the soil in place (Fig. 6). Frequent cutting keeps the grass from going to seed, and the tops are used for mulching. Occasionally strip planting is practiced, alternating arrowroot and other root crops like yams, taniers, etc. Agricultural officers are not yet satisfied, but do not like to recall the days when the people would not even let the government lay the contour lines and plant the grass for them, free of charge.
Montserrat, one of the Leeward Islands, also practices soil conservation. In places where rocks are abundant, they are placed in heaps, or occasionally in rows, heaps starting on top of another large rock to save space. Even in apparently level places, where erosion seems negligible, rows of khuskhus can be seen planted to conserve the soil.
Suffice it to say that the little islands of St. Thomas, St. Vincent, and Montserrat have soil conservation practices worth observing by some of the islands where erosion is still an unsolved problem, and where heavily eroded slopes are frequently seen."
The following is adapted from John Greenfield's report of a trip to inspect the use of vetiver on the Caribbean nation of St. Vincent in 1989. He arrived at a time when a large-scale erosion-control scheme using bulldozers and expensive terracing, to be financed with foreign capital (bilateral donor), was being proposed to the people there.
"Vetiver grass was introduced to St. Vincent as the major soil conservation measure more than 50 years ago. It was used primarily in the sugar industry to stabilize fields of sugarcane, but found its way all over the island as a stabilizer of road cuttings, driveways, pathways, and tracks along hillsides. Whoever introduced the system did an excellent job, as virtually all the small farmers put their vetiver-grass plantings on the contour. This, together with the resulting contour farming, has saved St. Vincent from the ravages of soil erosion.
Throughout St. Vincent, I stopped to talk to farmers, and the general consensus was, "surely you haven't come all this way to tell us about khus-khus (as it is called locally); we have known how good it is for over 50 years!
I drove up the leeward coast of St. Vincent with the government official responsible for soil conservation, Mr. Conrad Simon of the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Agriculture. We visited one of the old sugar plantations (now abandoned) where vetiver-grass barriers had formed stable terraces 4 m high. After 50 years, the grass was still active, and there was no sign of erosion. In other areas, vetiver barriers planted on more than 100 percent slopes were providing full protection against erosion and had been doing so for years. The only area where I noticed erosion starting was where people had pulled out the vetiver on the "riser" of a terrace and planted food crops. Major rills had developed down the face, depositing deltas of silt on the terrace below.
When I pointed this out to Mr. Simon, and later discussed it with his colleagues and supervisor, Mr. Lennox Diasley in Kingstown, they all agreed that vetiver grass had given them perfect protection for the past 50 years. So why should they replace it? The main reason seems to be that nobody has ever told them that their system of soil conservation is possibly the best in the world today.
The vetiver system of soil conservation has served St. Vincent well and is a silent partner in the island's farming production. The people have lived with the grass all their lives; indeed, it has become so commonplace that they do not see it. In other words, they have passed those vegetative barriers every day without appreciating the natural terraces that have formed from soil that would have been lost had it been allowed to wash to the sea. But this "silent sentinel" doing its job 24 hours a day, 365 days of the year, has been protecting St. Vincent for the past 50 years. On top of that, it has cost the country nothing".
The full article is at: http://www.vetiver.org//LAVN_CARIB.htm
Dick Grimshaw
"The situation on St. Vincent is entirely different, for this island is largely agricultural. The soils are of volcanic origin, and on the whole are porous and well drained. Rainfall is much higher, but frequent drains are obviously unnecessary. The island produces 70 per cent of the world's arrowroot starch and a large proportion of the peanuts raised in the West Indies. These are raised on both large estates and small holdings, but from our observations, everyone seems to be soil conservation-minded. Vetiver, or khuskhus grass (Vetiveria zizanioides), is widely used to hold the soil in place (Fig. 6). Frequent cutting keeps the grass from going to seed, and the tops are used for mulching. Occasionally strip planting is practiced, alternating arrowroot and other root crops like yams, taniers, etc. Agricultural officers are not yet satisfied, but do not like to recall the days when the people would not even let the government lay the contour lines and plant the grass for them, free of charge.
Montserrat, one of the Leeward Islands, also practices soil conservation. In places where rocks are abundant, they are placed in heaps, or occasionally in rows, heaps starting on top of another large rock to save space. Even in apparently level places, where erosion seems negligible, rows of khuskhus can be seen planted to conserve the soil.
Suffice it to say that the little islands of St. Thomas, St. Vincent, and Montserrat have soil conservation practices worth observing by some of the islands where erosion is still an unsolved problem, and where heavily eroded slopes are frequently seen."
The following is adapted from John Greenfield's report of a trip to inspect the use of vetiver on the Caribbean nation of St. Vincent in 1989. He arrived at a time when a large-scale erosion-control scheme using bulldozers and expensive terracing, to be financed with foreign capital (bilateral donor), was being proposed to the people there.
"Vetiver grass was introduced to St. Vincent as the major soil conservation measure more than 50 years ago. It was used primarily in the sugar industry to stabilize fields of sugarcane, but found its way all over the island as a stabilizer of road cuttings, driveways, pathways, and tracks along hillsides. Whoever introduced the system did an excellent job, as virtually all the small farmers put their vetiver-grass plantings on the contour. This, together with the resulting contour farming, has saved St. Vincent from the ravages of soil erosion.
Throughout St. Vincent, I stopped to talk to farmers, and the general consensus was, "surely you haven't come all this way to tell us about khus-khus (as it is called locally); we have known how good it is for over 50 years!
I drove up the leeward coast of St. Vincent with the government official responsible for soil conservation, Mr. Conrad Simon of the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Agriculture. We visited one of the old sugar plantations (now abandoned) where vetiver-grass barriers had formed stable terraces 4 m high. After 50 years, the grass was still active, and there was no sign of erosion. In other areas, vetiver barriers planted on more than 100 percent slopes were providing full protection against erosion and had been doing so for years. The only area where I noticed erosion starting was where people had pulled out the vetiver on the "riser" of a terrace and planted food crops. Major rills had developed down the face, depositing deltas of silt on the terrace below.
When I pointed this out to Mr. Simon, and later discussed it with his colleagues and supervisor, Mr. Lennox Diasley in Kingstown, they all agreed that vetiver grass had given them perfect protection for the past 50 years. So why should they replace it? The main reason seems to be that nobody has ever told them that their system of soil conservation is possibly the best in the world today.
The vetiver system of soil conservation has served St. Vincent well and is a silent partner in the island's farming production. The people have lived with the grass all their lives; indeed, it has become so commonplace that they do not see it. In other words, they have passed those vegetative barriers every day without appreciating the natural terraces that have formed from soil that would have been lost had it been allowed to wash to the sea. But this "silent sentinel" doing its job 24 hours a day, 365 days of the year, has been protecting St. Vincent for the past 50 years. On top of that, it has cost the country nothing".
The full article is at: http://www.vetiver.org//LAVN_CARIB.htm
Dick Grimshaw
Tuesday, January 6, 2009
The Vetiver System, Community Development, and Poverty
There have been a number of cases where the Vetiver System has been singled out as being eminently useful as a technology that enhances community development projects. (see Mexico; Indonesia; Dabie Mountains in China; and Poverty Reduction and Resource Protection in a Guangxi Province Minority Area, China
These projects have a number of things in common. They are all impacting on the poorest of the poor, they are in areas where soils have deteriorated because of erosion and over cultivation, and they are all using the Vetiver System as a key technical component that enables the improvement of land and soil fertility, and increases household incomes through more reliable production benefits and in some cases the manufacture of handicrafts. The recent report from China indicates that there is a growing demand to upscale these small community projects to neighboring areas and counties. All three of these projects were initiated by NGOs and are good examples of community partnerships. TVNI is vigorously promoting these sorts of partnerships that involve the Vetiver System and poor communities.
These projects have a number of things in common. They are all impacting on the poorest of the poor, they are in areas where soils have deteriorated because of erosion and over cultivation, and they are all using the Vetiver System as a key technical component that enables the improvement of land and soil fertility, and increases household incomes through more reliable production benefits and in some cases the manufacture of handicrafts. The recent report from China indicates that there is a growing demand to upscale these small community projects to neighboring areas and counties. All three of these projects were initiated by NGOs and are good examples of community partnerships. TVNI is vigorously promoting these sorts of partnerships that involve the Vetiver System and poor communities.
Friday, January 2, 2009
TVNI Annual Vetiver System Awards
As promised we have now selected the winners of this years awards. It was not easy to make the final choices. I arbitrarily (my privilege) decided to exclude the best website, since none were very good and were in any case eclipsed by the new Vetiver related blog sites. So instead we are making awards to three blog sites. The awards are:
Yoann Coppin of Madagascar. The best Picassa Vetiver Systems gallery - $500. http://picasaweb.google.fr/Yoannmada/VetiverSystemMadagascar#
Yoann Coppin for an excellent depiction of sand dune stabilization in Madagascar and the involvement of small farmers in plant material production
Alberto Rodriguez - Puerto Rico - The best Vetiver System Blog - $250.
http://vetiversolutions.blogspot.com/
Alberto Rodriguez has not only created an excellent blog site “Vetiver Solutions”, but has provided us all an example of how powerful a VS blogsite can be. He has also shown initiative in helping others to develop blogsites. He has also established the Caribbean Vetiver Network Google Group
Marco Forti - Italy - The best Vetiver System Blog with new ideas - $250. http://www.journalontheland.blogspot.com/ Marco has shown great initiative in creating his blogsite “Journal of the Land”. It is both in English and Italian and is full of innovative Vetiver applications.
Tony Cisse – Senegal – The best Vetiver System Blog that combines a blog with Picassa picture albums - $250.
http://vetiversenegal.blogspot.com/
Congratulations to you all, and congratulations to all of you who have taken the initiative to share VS information via the web.
Winners will receive a certificate and a check from TVNI.
In January 2010 TVNI will make awards for the: best website, most innovative blog site, the most valuable and informative Picassa gallery album, and the best DVD movie uploaded to Google video (http://www.google.com/video) - max length 30 minutes. More than one movie allowed. Each prize will be worth $250.
GO FOR IT!!
Dick Grimshaw
Yoann Coppin of Madagascar. The best Picassa Vetiver Systems gallery - $500. http://picasaweb.google.fr/Yoannmada/VetiverSystemMadagascar#
Yoann Coppin for an excellent depiction of sand dune stabilization in Madagascar and the involvement of small farmers in plant material production
Alberto Rodriguez - Puerto Rico - The best Vetiver System Blog - $250.
http://vetiversolutions.blogspot.com/
Alberto Rodriguez has not only created an excellent blog site “Vetiver Solutions”, but has provided us all an example of how powerful a VS blogsite can be. He has also shown initiative in helping others to develop blogsites. He has also established the Caribbean Vetiver Network Google Group
Marco Forti - Italy - The best Vetiver System Blog with new ideas - $250. http://www.journalontheland.blogspot.com/ Marco has shown great initiative in creating his blogsite “Journal of the Land”. It is both in English and Italian and is full of innovative Vetiver applications.
Tony Cisse – Senegal – The best Vetiver System Blog that combines a blog with Picassa picture albums - $250.
http://vetiversenegal.blogspot.com/
Congratulations to you all, and congratulations to all of you who have taken the initiative to share VS information via the web.
Winners will receive a certificate and a check from TVNI.
In January 2010 TVNI will make awards for the: best website, most innovative blog site, the most valuable and informative Picassa gallery album, and the best DVD movie uploaded to Google video (http://www.google.com/video) - max length 30 minutes. More than one movie allowed. Each prize will be worth $250.
GO FOR IT!!
Dick Grimshaw
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)